Chapter 23 Therapeutic issues
Abstracts and keywords to be supplied.
- Medication adherence 862
- Weight gain with psychiatric medication 864
- Antipsychotics and diabetes 866
- Hyperprolactinaemia with antipsychotics 868
- Sexual dysfunction and psychiatric medication 870
- Priapism 872
- Antipsychotic-induced Parkinsonism 874
- Akathisia 876
- Tardive dyskinesia (TD) 878
- Acute dystonic reaction 880
- Neuroleptic malignant syndrome 882
- Serotonin syndrome (SS) 884
- SSRI withdrawal (discontinuation) syndrome 886
- Hyponatraemia and antidepressants 888
- Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines 889
- Prescribing in pregnancy 890
- Prescribing in lactation 892
- Prescribing for patients with cardiovascular disease 894
- Prescribing for patients with liver disease 896
- Prescribing for patients with renal impairment 898
- Prescribing for patients with epilepsy 900
- Plasma level monitoring 902
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2 Baptista T (1995) Lithium and body weight gain. Pharmacopsychiatry, 28, 35–44.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
1 Henderson DC, Cagliero E, Copeland PM et al. (2005) Arch Gen Psychiatry, 62, 19–28.[Abstract/Full Text]
1 Gregorian RS, Golden KA, Bahce A et al. (2002) Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 36, 1577–89.[Abstract]
2 Gutierrez MA and Stimmel GL (1999) Management of and counseling for psychotropic drug-induced sexual dysfunction. Pharmacotherapy, 19, 823–31.
3 Wirshing DA, Pierre JM, Marder SR et al. (2002) Sexual side-effects of novel antipsychotic medications. Schizophrenia Research, 56, 25–30.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
4 Aizenberg D, Sigler M, Zemishlany Z and Weizman A (1996) Lithium and male sexual function in affective patients. Clinical Neuropharmacology, 19, 515–19.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
1 Priapus, the son of Zeus and Aphrodite, was a god with an enormous penis who symbolized the earth’s fertility.
2 Banos JE, Bosch F and Farre M (1989) Drug-induced priapism. Its aetiology, incidence and treatment. Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp, 4, 46–58.
3 Patel AG, Mukherji K and Lee A (1996) Priapism associated with psychotropic drugs. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 55, 315–19.[Web of Science][Medline]
1 Note—in contrast with most medication side-effects, acute dystonias are more common in the young than the elderly. This may be related to asymptomatic loss of dopaminergic neurons in later life.
1 A rare disorder associated with exposure to inhaled aesthetics and succinylcholine. Genetic linkage found to chromosome 19. Possibly due to a muscle membrane defect, leading to ↓ intracellular Ca2+ and intense muscle contractions. Temperature rises rapidly (up to 1°C/5mins).
1 The ‘special case’ for differentiating an ‘SSRI discontinuation syndrome’ is debatable, since withdrawal syndromes have been described with most antidepressants including TCAs and SNRIs (venlafaxine)—all with similar symptoms to those described for SSRIs. In general, gradual tapering of antidepressants is recommended and abrupt stopping should be avoided (see p. 274).
2 Zajecka J, Tracy KA and Mitchell S (1997) Discontinuation symptoms after treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a literature review. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 58, 291–7, and Suppl. 7.
1 Paton C (2002) Benzodiazepines and disinhibition: a review. Psychiatric Bulletin, 26, 460–2.[Abstract/Full Text]
1 Yoshida K, Smith B and Kumar R (1999) Psychotropic drugs in mothers’ milk: a comprehensive review of assay methods, pharmacokinetics and of safety of breast-feeding. J Psychopharmacol, 13, 64–80.[Abstract/Full Text]
1 Pacia SV and Devinsky O (1994) Clozapine-related seizures: experience with 5,629 patients. Neurology, 44, 2247–9.[Abstract/Full Text]
